激光雷达，是怎么被中国打成白菜价的？

Core Insights - The laser radar industry, once mocked by Elon Musk, is experiencing a resurgence, with Chinese companies capturing 70-80% of the global market share [4][32] - The growth of laser radar is not primarily driven by the automotive sector but by applications in household appliances and robotics, such as sweeping and mowing robots [4][6] - Chinese companies have significantly reduced the cost of laser radar technology, with prices dropping from several thousand dollars to around 200 dollars, enabling mass production [6][34] Industry Developments - Hesai Technology announced plans to double its production capacity from 2 million units in 2025 to 4 million units in 2026 and has been selected as a partner for NVIDIA's DRIVE AGX Hyperion 10 platform [2][30] - The global market for robotic lawn mowers saw a 327% year-on-year increase in sales in the first half of 2025, while the overall smart cleaning robot market grew by 33% [4][32] Competitive Landscape - American laser radar company Luminar has filed for bankruptcy, struggling with high production costs and competition from Chinese manufacturers [6][34][35] - Luminar's technology, which relies on a more complex and expensive 1550nm FMCW solution, could not compete with the simpler and cheaper 940nm VCSEL technology used by Chinese firms [34][35] Technological Advancements - The principle of laser radar is straightforward, but the implementation requires four core components: light source, detector, scanning mechanism, and algorithms [39][41] - Chinese companies have achieved cost reductions through chip integration, combining the functions of emission, reception, and signal processing into a single chip, significantly lowering production costs [42][49] Cost Reduction Strategies - The BOM (Bill of Materials) cost for domestic laser radar has decreased by 52% from 2019 to 2025, transforming the technology from a luxury item to a consumer product [49][56] - The integration of components allows for a reduction in the number of parts needed, leading to lower costs and improved efficiency [42][49] Future Implications - The advancements in laser radar technology are expected to benefit various sectors, including eVTOL (electric vertical takeoff and landing) and smart infrastructure, enhancing safety and operational capabilities [55][56] - The integration technology developed by Chinese firms is set to revolutionize the perception and accessibility of sensing technologies, making them standard in various applications [56]