光热发电如何破解成本难题？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the development and challenges of solar thermal power generation in China, highlighting the government's goal to reach a total installed capacity of approximately 15 million kilowatts by 2030, with the cost of electricity per kilowatt-hour aiming to be comparable to coal power [1][9]. Group 1: Current Developments - The Qinghai Energy Group's solar thermal project is actively supplying electricity to the grid, showcasing the ongoing advancements in solar thermal technology [1]. - The "Several Opinions on Promoting the Large-Scale Development of Solar Thermal Power Generation" outlines ambitious targets for the industry, emphasizing the need for cost reduction and market competitiveness [1][9]. - As of 2025, China's operational solar thermal power capacity is expected to reach approximately 1.62 million kilowatts, ranking third globally, with a significant portion of the world's ongoing projects [5][8]. Group 2: Technical Aspects - Solar thermal power generation involves three main steps: concentrating sunlight, heating and storing energy, and generating electricity, which allows for stable and continuous power supply [4]. - The technology has evolved to include various methods such as tower, trough, and Fresnel systems, with significant advancements in efficiency and cost reduction [7][8]. - The integration of solar thermal with photovoltaic systems is being explored to enhance energy storage and conversion efficiency [4][7]. Group 3: Economic Considerations - Despite the promising outlook, the high initial investment remains a significant barrier, with costs for large-scale projects being approximately three times that of equivalent photovoltaic systems [9]. - The government has proposed compensation for reliable capacity in solar thermal projects, which could significantly improve the economic viability of these projects [9]. - Technological innovations and optimization strategies are expected to further reduce the cost of electricity generated from solar thermal power, potentially lowering it to around 0.53 yuan per kilowatt-hour for larger plants [10]. Group 4: Future Outlook - The article emphasizes the importance of policy support and technological advancements in expanding the application of solar thermal power, positioning it as a critical component in China's energy transition [9][10]. - The development of solar thermal power is seen as a key strategy for achieving a stable and reliable new energy system in China [10].