美国职位空缺数降至五年多低点 劳动力市场降温信号加剧

Core Insights - The U.S. labor market is showing signs of cooling, with job vacancies dropping to the lowest level in over five years, significantly below market expectations [1][2] - The December job vacancies fell to 6.542 million, the lowest since September 2020, and November's data was revised down from 7.146 million to 6.928 million [1] - By the end of 2024, job vacancies in the U.S. are projected to be around 7.5 million, indicating a reduction of nearly 1 million vacancies by 2025 [1] Group 1: Job Market Indicators - In December, hiring increased by 172,000 to reach 5.293 million, remaining relatively stable compared to the previous year but still at a low level [2] - The number of voluntary resignations slightly increased, suggesting some resilience in the labor market as workers are still able to find new job opportunities [2] - The layoff numbers increased at the end of last year, but overall, the layoff rate for 2025 is expected to be around 1.1%, consistent with the previous year [2] Group 2: JOLTS Report and Economic Implications - The JOLTS report is a key labor market indicator closely monitored by the Federal Reserve, historically emphasized during Janet Yellen's tenure as Treasury Secretary and Fed Chair [2] - Despite some economists questioning the reliability of the survey due to a lower response rate, JOLTS data remains an important reference for assessing labor supply and demand changes [2] - The release of the December JOLTS report was delayed due to a brief government shutdown, and the January non-farm payroll report is also postponed to February 11 [2]