中国打通量子网络“任督二脉” 理论构想走向现实可能

Core Insights - Chinese scientists have achieved a significant breakthrough in quantum communication by constructing the first truly scalable quantum network relay unit, marking a decisive step towards the practical application of long-distance quantum communication [1][3] Group 1: Quantum Network Development - The newly developed quantum relay technology allows for the highest security level communication verification over 11 kilometers of fiber optics, extending secure communication distance to 100 kilometers [1] - The quantum network's capabilities are likened to upgrading from riding a bicycle to using a magical teleportation portal, enabling the measurement of minute changes undetectable by traditional instruments and providing built-in anti-eavesdropping features [1][2] Group 2: Overcoming Transmission Challenges - A major challenge in establishing a large-scale quantum network is overcoming the significant loss of quantum signals during fiber optic transmission, which can take an average of 300 years to successfully receive a pair of entangled quantum particles over 1000 kilometers [2] - The introduction of quantum relay technology acts as a "secret agent" that allows entangled particles to connect over long distances, significantly improving transmission efficiency by 100 billion billion times [2] Group 3: Achievements in Quantum Entanglement - The research team has successfully established high-fidelity entanglement between distant nodes, enabling device-independent quantum key distribution over long distances, ensuring that transmitted information remains unbreakable even if the communication devices are compromised [3] - These breakthroughs signify that the concept of fiber optic quantum networks based on quantum entanglement is transitioning from theoretical ideas to practical realities, enhancing China's international leadership in this field [3]