联合国报告呼吁 最不发达国家提高服务业生产率

Core Insights - The report from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) highlights that while the service sector in least developed countries (LDCs) is rapidly expanding, the growth is primarily in low-productivity activities that do not generate widespread prosperity [1] - The report indicates that despite the increasing role of the service sector, the per capita growth rate in LDCs is expected to remain weak in 2024 [1] - Employment in LDCs is dominated by informal retail, personal services, and livelihood activities, with a lack of high-productivity services that can support industrialization and competitiveness [1] Employment Challenges - LDCs are facing unprecedented employment challenges, needing to create jobs for approximately 13.2 million new entrants to the labor market each year before 2050 [1] - The report emphasizes that employment is a critical constraint on development strategies in LDCs [1] Tourism and Economic Transformation - Although tourism accounts for about one-third of service exports from LDCs, the income generated from tourism often fails to translate into significant job growth or economic transformation [1] - LDCs hold a historical low share of only 0.16% in the global trade of digitally deliverable services, which is one of the most dynamic sectors [1] Recommendations for Improvement - The report calls for improvements in productivity and stronger links between the service sector and manufacturing, supported by investments in digital infrastructure, energy, education, and skills [2] - It suggests that a coordinated national strategy and a favorable global environment are essential for the service sector to effectively promote industrialization and enhance competitiveness [2]