京津冀协同发展十余年，为何还需“首都都市圈”？

Core Viewpoint - The approval of the "Modern Capital Urban Circle Spatial Coordination Plan (2023-2035)" marks a significant step in the development of urban agglomerations in China, particularly focusing on the integration of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, covering an area of approximately 42,000 square kilometers [1][4]. Urban Circle Development - The formation of urban circles is a natural outcome of core city development, necessitating collaboration with surrounding areas to alleviate constraints and drive growth [2][6]. - The capital urban circle is designed with a structure of "one core, two wings, dual cities, and multiple points," with Beijing as the core and Xiong'an New Area and the Beijing sub-center as the wings [2][3]. Spatial Structure - The capital urban circle features a "multi-layer" nested structure, including the Beijing Plain New City, ecological conservation areas, commuting circles, functional circles, and industrial collaboration circles [3][4]. - The commuting circle covers approximately 27,000 square kilometers, focusing on the synergy between residence and work [3]. Economic Context - The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region's GDP surpassed 11.5 trillion yuan in 2024, marking a 2.1-fold increase since 2013, alongside significant progress in the deconcentration of non-capital functions from Beijing [5][6]. - The capital urban circle's area is the largest among the 20 approved national urban circles, with a total area of 42,000 square kilometers, although the actual area suitable for development is much smaller due to ecological zones [4][5]. Strategic Focus - The new plan represents a shift from merely alleviating "big city problems" to becoming a core area and key engine for the coordinated development strategy of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei [4][6]. - The focus is on optimizing and enhancing the capital's functions while ensuring effective resource radiation to surrounding areas, particularly in the context of emerging industries driven by technological advancements [6][7]. Inter-City Collaboration - The relationship between the capital urban circle and the newly approved Shijiazhuang urban circle is characterized by tight interaction and cooperation based on industrial division of labor [10][11]. - The development of node cities like Langfang is crucial for effectively integrating and leveraging innovation resources from the core area [11][12]. Challenges and Opportunities - The capital urban circle faces challenges in achieving a balance between commuting and functional areas, necessitating both hard infrastructure and soft institutional coordination [12]. - The ongoing development disparities within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region highlight the need for targeted strategies to enhance connectivity and resource distribution [12].