中经评论：全球为何争购中国变压器

Core Insights - Transformers have become a scarce resource due to the rapid iteration of artificial intelligence and large-scale data center construction, leading to a surge in electricity demand globally [1][2] - China has emerged as the world's largest transformer producer, accounting for approximately 60% of global production capacity, and has established the most complete transformer manufacturing system [2][3] Demand Side Analysis - The global AI computing competition has intensified, with regions like Europe, the Middle East, and others accelerating the construction of large-scale data centers, resulting in exponential growth in electricity demand [2] - AI chips are highly sensitive to voltage fluctuations, necessitating high-power, low-loss, and highly reliable customized transformers for AI computing infrastructure [2] Supply Side Analysis - The transformer industry in Europe and the U.S. has suffered from long-term low demand and insufficient investment, leading to a significant supply gap and long delivery cycles for large transformers [2] - China's comprehensive industrial chain and rapid response capabilities allow it to produce high-end transformers at lower costs and shorter delivery times, making it the only country capable of quickly responding to large-scale orders [2][3] Competitive Advantages - China has built a fully autonomous and efficient transformer industrial chain, from raw material processing to manufacturing, which enhances production efficiency and quality control [3] - Chinese companies are developing high-power, low-loss transformers tailored for AI data centers and exploring new products like solid-state transformers that can adapt to renewable energy sources [3] - Chinese transformer manufacturers are expanding globally, establishing production bases and service centers abroad, and participating in setting international standards, transitioning from followers to leaders in the industry [3][4] Market Implications - The global demand for transformers reflects the irreplaceability of Chinese manufacturing, driven by resilience in the industrial chain and continuous investment in technological innovation [4] - The integration of energy and technology is crucial for the expansion of computing power, with China's rise in the power equipment sector providing stable energy support for global AI development [4]