中经评论：以物流成本之降促经济效率之升

Core Insights - The logistics cost in China is projected to decrease to 13.9% of GDP by 2025, marking a significant milestone as it falls below 14% for the first time, representing a 0.8 percentage point drop from the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan period [1] - This reduction in logistics costs indicates a substantial improvement in the efficiency of the Chinese economy, suggesting that for every 100 yuan of GDP, logistics expenses have decreased to 13.9 yuan, leading to an annual savings of over 100 billion yuan in logistics costs for the economy [1] Policy Initiatives - The State Council has issued an action plan aiming to reduce the logistics cost to around 13.5% of GDP by 2027, focusing on reforms in the transportation system, integration of supply chains, and development of logistics hubs and networks [2] - A dedicated task force has been established to coordinate efforts across departments to eliminate institutional barriers, resulting in significant increases in intermodal transport volumes and reduced trunk transportation costs [2] Structural Optimization - China has been constructing major logistics hubs to integrate resources and develop a "channel + hub + network" operational system, which has effectively reduced unit logistics costs through economies of scale and network efficiencies [2] - The ongoing "road-to-water" and "road-to-rail" strategies have increased the share of water transport to over 50%, promoting a shift towards more economical and environmentally friendly logistics methods [2] Technological Innovation - Digitalization and green transformation are identified as core drivers of logistics industry development, with companies leveraging digital technologies to optimize management systems and reduce empty transport rates [3] - The adoption of automated warehousing and new energy transport tools has significantly lowered overall energy consumption, contributing to a 0.2 percentage point decrease in storage costs by 2025 [3] Systematic Approach - Achieving the target of 13.5% by 2027 requires a comprehensive effort to transition from "extensive expansion" to "fine optimization" of the logistics system, necessitating deep reforms in institutional mechanisms [4] - Key areas for reform include breaking down regional barriers, advancing a unified national market, and focusing on railway and road freight, as well as logistics platform reforms to enhance data sharing and reduce operational costs [4]