对中国世贸组织改革最新立场文件的解读｜专家热评

Core Viewpoint - The document submitted by China to the WTO emphasizes a new momentum for reform, focusing on "development priority, rule-oriented, and inclusive governance" [1] Group 1: China's Position on WTO Reform - The position paper outlines China's core proposals for WTO reform, summarized as "one cornerstone, one center, and three key focuses" [2] - The cornerstone is the maintenance of the most-favored-nation (MFN) principle, while the center is placing development at the heart of the reform agenda [2] - The three key focuses include improving WTO governance and decision-making mechanisms, emphasizing development and fair competition, and restoring the effectiveness of the dispute resolution mechanism [2] Group 2: Global Development and Governance Initiatives - The position paper reflects China's commitment to multilateralism and the maintenance of WTO rules, aligning with global development and governance initiatives [3] - It aims to address the development needs of developing countries and promote a shared global governance perspective [3] Group 3: Differences with Western Proposals - The position paper critiques the unilateral approaches of the U.S. and some Western countries, which attribute WTO challenges to "unfair foreign competition" [4] - It argues that the root causes of WTO challenges stem from widening North-South disparities and increasing domestic inequalities, which require multilateral cooperation rather than unilateralism [4] - Compared to U.S. and EU proposals that suggest conditional MFN treatment and other unilateral measures, China's approach advocates for genuine multilateralism and inclusivity [5] Group 4: Support for Developing Members - The position paper incorporates the demands of small and medium-sized developing members, showcasing China's role as a responsible developing country [6] - It emphasizes the importance of a rules-based multilateral trading system for all members, particularly for weaker and vulnerable members [6] - The proposal includes creating favorable conditions for developing members to engage in digital and green economies, aiming to bridge the digital and green divides [7]