综述｜警惕美关税不确定性 拉美经济体推进贸易多元化

Core Viewpoint - The recent U.S. Supreme Court ruling against the Trump administration's tariff policy has led to the announcement of a 15% tariff on goods from all countries, prompting Latin American economies to pursue trade diversification and stability in response to the unpredictable nature of U.S. trade policies [1][3]. Group 1: Reactions from Latin American Leaders - Brazilian President Lula criticized the U.S. for announcing tariff decisions via social media, calling for a more cautious and rational approach to national decision-making [1][3]. - Mexican Economy Minister Marcelo Ebrard stated that Mexico will carefully analyze the impact of the new U.S. tariff measures to avoid hasty reactions that could destabilize the region's economy [1][3]. Group 2: Expert Opinions on Trade Policy - Experts note that the instability and unpredictability of U.S. tariffs have become a significant characteristic of its trade policy, leading Latin American countries to maintain a cautious outlook rather than being overly optimistic about the Supreme Court's ruling [1][3]. - Scholar Hua Yiqing from Fudan University emphasized that while the Supreme Court's ruling limits presidential power over unilateral tariffs, it does not reverse the negative impact of U.S. unilateralism on global supply chains and trade confidence [2][4]. Group 3: Strategic Shifts in Trade Partnerships - The trend of weaponizing trade tools like tariffs and sanctions by the U.S. forces Latin American economies to confront a more turbulent and politically calculated trade environment, making collaboration with emerging economies like China a natural choice for stability [2][4]. - The Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, Alicia Bárcena, indicated that profound changes in U.S. trade policy have reshaped the global trade landscape, urging Latin American economies to accelerate cooperation with partners such as the EU, China, India, ASEAN, Gulf countries, and Africa [2][4].