光伏结算价格分化背后的市场化逻辑与破局路径

Core Viewpoint - The transition of China's photovoltaic (PV) industry into a fully market-oriented phase signifies a departure from traditional guaranteed purchase policies, leading to significant price differentiation in project settlements, which is a natural outcome of market resource allocation and an important signal for the industry's shift towards high-quality development [1][4][13]. Industry Overview - The photovoltaic industry, particularly distributed PV, has historically operated under a "full guaranteed purchase" policy, which has revealed inefficiencies as the industry scaled. Fixed electricity prices do not reflect market supply and demand changes, leading to low resource allocation efficiency and weakened market competition, resulting in overcapacity and increased abandonment rates [3][4]. Price Differentiation - The differentiation in settlement prices is a direct manifestation of market mechanisms at work, influenced by factors such as project scale and generation efficiency. Centralized PV projects tend to secure higher prices due to their larger scale and stability, while distributed projects face challenges like mismatched generation and consumption, leading to lower prices [4][5]. Market Dynamics - Market-driven pricing acts as a selection mechanism for the PV industry, pushing it from "scale expansion" to "quality enhancement." Projects with higher generation efficiency and better load matching can achieve higher settlement prices, while those with outdated technology and poor operational practices face lower prices or even losses [5][11]. New Development Models - The market shift has created new opportunities for distributed PV, including energy storage integration and participation in virtual power plants. Energy storage helps address the mismatch between generation and consumption, allowing for better economic performance and risk mitigation against price fluctuations [7][8]. Strategic Recommendations - Distributed PV owners must adapt to market rules and enhance their operational strategies to achieve sustainable returns. This includes optimizing load matching during project planning and actively tracking market prices to adjust operations accordingly [11][12]. Engaging with professional aggregators can also provide essential support in navigating market complexities and improving profitability [12]. Conclusion - The full market entry of renewable energy marks a milestone for the PV industry, indicating a new phase of market competition. The differentiation in settlement prices not only optimizes resource allocation but also compels companies to enhance their technical and operational efficiencies, fostering new development models that inject vitality into the long-term health of the PV industry [1][13].