美国调整登月计划 载人登月任务推迟至2028年

Core Viewpoint - NASA has announced a delay in the Artemis lunar program, pushing the manned lunar landing originally scheduled for 2027 to 2028, with the Artemis 3 mission now focusing on system and operational capability testing in low Earth orbit instead of landing on the Moon [1]. Group 1: Artemis Program Adjustments - The Artemis 3 mission will now attempt to dock with commercial lunar landers being developed by SpaceX and Blue Origin, and will conduct in-orbit tests of life support, communication, and propulsion systems, as well as testing new generation spacesuits [1]. - The Artemis 4 mission is now planned for 2028, which will be the new timeline for the lunar landing [1]. Group 2: Technical Issues and Delays - Prior to the announcement, the Artemis 2 manned lunar flyby mission faced technical issues during two recent integrated exercises, leading to repeated delays in the launch schedule [2]. - NASA has withdrawn the heavy rocket "Space Launch System" and the "Orion" spacecraft from the launch pad for repairs, addressing issues related to the helium supply in the upper stage and conducting comprehensive safety checks [2]. Group 3: Future Launch Plans - The Artemis 2 mission is currently tentatively scheduled for a launch window in April, but the final launch date will depend on data analysis and repair progress [3]. - The Artemis program was announced in 2019, with the Artemis 1 unmanned lunar flyby test completed in November 2022, but subsequent mission timelines have been adjusted multiple times [3].