从三个“首次”数据，看2025年中国经济“稳进韧”

Economic Growth - In 2025, China's GDP grew by 5.0%, surpassing 140 trillion yuan for the first time, achieving a significant milestone in economic scale [2][3] - The per capita GDP reached 99,665 yuan, reflecting a 5.1% increase, and the average annual exchange rate equivalent is approximately 13,953 USD [2] International Trade - The total import and export volume exceeded 45 trillion yuan for the first time, marking a 3.8% increase from the previous year, maintaining China's position as a key player in global supply chains [8] - In 2025, the import value reached 18.5 trillion yuan, solidifying China's status as the world's second-largest import market for 17 consecutive years [3] Research and Development - R&D expenditure increased by 8.1%, reaching 2.80% of GDP, surpassing the OECD average for the first time, with basic research funding accounting for 7.08% [4] - The number of high-value invention patents per 10,000 people rose to 16, indicating a focus on innovation [4] Infrastructure Development - The production of mobile communication base station equipment grew by 13.5%, with 5G base stations reaching 4.84 million by the end of the year [5] - The completion rate of the national comprehensive transportation network exceeded 90%, enhancing connectivity [5] Employment and Income - Urban employment increased by 12.67 million, with the urban unemployment rate averaging 5.2%, below the target of 5.5% [11] - The disposable income of residents grew by 5.0%, aligning with economic growth [11] Consumer Market - The total retail sales of consumer goods surpassed 50 trillion yuan, reflecting a 3.7% increase, with domestic consumption contributing 67.3% to economic growth [7] - Online retail sales reached nearly 16 trillion yuan, growing by 8.6% [4] Social Development - The coverage of basic pension and medical insurance reached 1.08 billion and 1.33 billion respectively, indicating an expansion in social security [12] - The urbanization rate reached 67.89%, with a focus on improving living standards and access to services [9]