撒哈拉以南非洲：可再生能源部署的政策和资金（英）2024

Investment Rating - The report indicates a declining trend in renewable energy investments in Sub-Saharan Africa, with the region receiving less than 1% of global investments in 2021 and 2022, down from USD 5.3 billion in 2019 to less than USD 3.6 billion in 2022 [36][37]. Core Insights - Sub-Saharan Africa has significant potential for renewable energy, particularly solar and wind, but investments are unevenly distributed, with most going to countries with advanced policy frameworks like South Africa, Nigeria, and Kenya [36][37]. - Public financial commitments play a crucial role in the renewable energy sector, with almost USD 60 billion committed from public financial institutions between 2000 and 2021, primarily in East and West Africa [70][71]. - The region's energy access remains critically low, with 571 million people lacking electricity and 923 million relying on traditional cooking fuels, highlighting the urgent need for investment in modern energy systems [15][16]. Renewable Energy Deployment Policies - The report discusses various renewable energy deployment policies, emphasizing the need for enabling policies to support investment and development in the sector [9]. - It highlights the importance of intra-African electricity trade and green hydrogen as focal points for enhancing renewable energy deployment [9]. Renewable Energy Investment and Finance - Between 2000 and 2020, Sub-Saharan Africa attracted nearly USD 60 billion in renewable energy investments, with over 90% occurring between 2010 and 2020 [40]. - Solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind power received the most investment, accounting for over three-quarters of total investments in the region [45]. - Public financial commitments to renewable energy projects in Sub-Saharan Africa reached USD 32 billion for hydropower-related projects from 2010 to 2020, indicating a significant reliance on public financing [48][71]. Political Commitments to Renewable Energy Deployment - The report outlines regional commitments and institutions that support renewable energy deployment, along with national plans and targets aimed at increasing renewable energy capacity [9]. - It emphasizes the role of cities in driving renewable energy initiatives and the need for local governance to support energy transitions [9]. Conclusions and Recommendations - The report concludes that unlocking the potential of renewable energy in Sub-Saharan Africa requires a structural shift in national energy policies, enhanced institutional capacity, and international cooperation [34]. - It recommends directing financial commitments to least-developed countries to foster an equitable energy transition and transformative socio-economic development [37].