环保行业前瞻研究：生物多样性：我国政策与金融支持现状

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry. Core Insights - China has a rich biodiversity with a high level of species diversity and genetic resources, but it also faces significant threats to its species [1][8]. - The "China Biodiversity Protection Strategy and Action Plan (2023-2030)" was released to enhance biodiversity governance and includes four priority areas: mainstreaming biodiversity, addressing biodiversity loss threats, sustainable use and benefit-sharing, and modernizing governance capabilities [1][14]. - Financial support for biodiversity protection is increasingly recognized, with innovative financing models emerging, including bank credit, insurance, bonds, and "fund+" models [1][27]. Summary by Sections 1. Current Status and Policies of Biodiversity in China - Biodiversity is defined as the variability among living organisms from all sources, including terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems [7]. - China has a high number of threatened species, with 10.5% of higher plants, 21.4% of vertebrates, and approximately 0.8% of fungi being threatened [8]. - The biodiversity protection policy has evolved from single-species protection to a comprehensive policy framework, with significant milestones achieved since 2010 [10][11]. 2. Biodiversity Financing in China - There is a significant funding gap for biodiversity protection globally, with an estimated need of $967 billion by 2030, while only about $125 billion is currently allocated [17][24]. - Various financing models have emerged in China, including bank loans, insurance products, and green bonds, to support biodiversity initiatives [27][30]. - The report highlights successful case studies of financial institutions engaging in biodiversity protection through innovative financing mechanisms [29][32]. 3. Future Development Directions for Biodiversity Financing - The report emphasizes the need for diversified financing mechanisms to enhance funding levels, efficiency, and transparency by 2030 [35]. - The "Action Plan" encourages market-oriented and social capital participation in biodiversity protection, aiming to mobilize financial institutions [35]. - Challenges such as long project cycles, slow returns, and inadequate risk management mechanisms are identified, necessitating further development in the financial support landscape for biodiversity [34].