乌克兰的能源安全和即将到来的冬天乌克兰及其合作伙伴的能源行动计划（英）2024

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the energy sector in Ukraine, but it emphasizes the urgent need for international support and actions to bolster energy security [10]. Core Insights - Ukraine's energy system is under severe threat due to intensified attacks on infrastructure since the full-scale invasion by Russia in February 2022, with significant damage to power generation and heating capabilities [3][9]. - The report outlines ten key actions that Ukraine and its partners can take to address immediate energy security vulnerabilities and enhance long-term resilience [10][13]. Summary by Sections Energy Security Context - The report highlights the critical state of Ukraine's energy infrastructure, which has been targeted extensively, leading to a significant reduction in power generation capacity [23][25]. - By mid-2024, Ukraine had lost approximately two-thirds of its pre-war electricity generation capacity, with ongoing attacks exacerbating the situation [10][23]. Key Risks for the Coming Winter - Peak electricity demand is projected to rise to 18.5 GW this winter, with a potential supply deficit of up to 6 GW, equivalent to Denmark's peak demand [10][61]. - Major cities, including Kyiv, face risks to heat supply due to damage to heating infrastructure, particularly in frontline regions [11][12]. - Ukraine's natural gas balance is under strain, with potential increased reliance on imports if winter temperatures are colder than average [11][12]. Proposed Actions 1. Enhance the security of critical energy infrastructure against military and cyber threats [14]. 2. Expedite the delivery of essential equipment and spare parts for repairs [15]. 3. Decentralize power supply to increase resilience, including deploying smaller-scale energy systems [16]. 4. Expand electricity transmission capacity with the European Union to support increased imports [17]. 5. Engage consumers in energy-saving measures and continue investments in energy efficiency [18]. 6. Prepare backup options for winter heating, including alternative fuel sources [19]. 7. Build up natural gas storage levels to meet winter demand [20]. 8. Strengthen gas import capacities from the European Union to ensure supply security [21]. 9. Coordinate energy strategies between Ukraine and Moldova to address interlinked risks [22]. 10. Lay the groundwork for a modern, resilient, and sustainable energy system integrated with the EU [23].