关键材料：电动汽车电池（英）2024

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The electrification of road transport is essential for achieving IRENA's 1.5°C Scenario, requiring the global stock of passenger EVs to grow from approximately 44 million in 2023 to 359 million by 2030 [15] - EV battery production capacity is projected to grow significantly, with a planned capacity of 7,300 GWh/year by 2030, exceeding the anticipated demand of 4,300 GWh/year [16] - Demand for critical materials such as lithium, cobalt, graphite, and nickel is expected to increase substantially, with lithium demand potentially quadrupling from 2023 to 2030 [17] Summary by Sections 1. Introduction - The report emphasizes the need for critical materials to support the decarbonization of energy systems, highlighting that while resources exist, rapid production scaling is necessary to meet short to medium-term demand [39] 2. Demand–Supply Prospects for EV Battery Materials 2.1 The Role of Electric Vehicles (EVs) in the Energy Transition - EVs are projected to dominate passenger vehicle sales by 2030, playing a crucial role in the energy transition [15] 2.2 Demand for EV Battery Materials - Significant increases in demand for materials like lithium, cobalt, and nickel are anticipated, driven by the growth in EV production [17] 2.3 Supply of EV Battery Materials - The report indicates that while resource availability is not a long-term constraint, immediate efforts are needed to scale up production to meet growing demand [18] 3. Key Considerations for Policy Makers 3.1 Results and Conclusions - The analysis suggests that innovations in battery technology and material substitution can alleviate some supply pressures, particularly for cobalt and nickel [31] 3.2 Recommendations for Policy Makers - Governments are encouraged to support innovation in battery technologies and facilitate the expansion of supply chains to ensure a reliable supply of critical materials [35][36]