开发银行和能源规划：为能源转型吸引私人投资；巴西案（英）2024

Investment Rating - The report emphasizes the need for substantial investments in renewable energy, estimating that USD 150 trillion is required to finance the energy transition compatible with the 1.5°C pathway by 2050 [17][39]. Core Insights - The report highlights Brazil's success in attracting private investment and deploying renewable energy, showcasing a well-established energy planning and finance strategy [19][21]. - It underscores the importance of collaboration between development banks and energy planning institutions to de-risk clean energy projects and enhance investment opportunities [19][24]. - The report advocates for innovative financing mechanisms, such as blended finance and green bonds, to attract private capital to emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs) [24][66]. Summary by Sections Key Messages - The scale, pace, and distribution of investment required for the global energy transition are substantial yet achievable with strong engagement from the private sector [24]. - Investment opportunities are expected to rise in EMDEs, where the challenge of meeting rapid energy demand growth in a low greenhouse gas emission future remains significant [24]. - Public sector efforts should focus on widening financing approaches and exploring innovative instruments to scale up renewable energy investments in EMDEs [24]. Introduction - Renewable energy investments have seen positive trends due to cost reductions and policy incentives, contributing to GDP growth and job creation [26][27]. - The transition to renewable energy is becoming increasingly attractive as fossil fuel investments face uncertainty due to climate strategies and green recovery plans [27][28]. The Global Context of Financing Renewable Energy - Significant investments are required to support the shift towards renewable energy, with a focus on addressing the investment shortfall in decentralized projects and less attractive markets [66][69]. - The reliance on debt financing supported by power purchase agreements (PPAs) is increasing, while equity financing remains crucial for less mature technologies [66][69]. The Brazilian Case - Brazil's energy planning and regulatory reforms have facilitated the integration of renewable energy sources, with power auctions playing a pivotal role in developing renewable capacity [42][43]. - The Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES) has been instrumental in providing long-term financial conditions and reducing uncertainties for investors [44][45]. Lessons Learned from the Brazilian Experience - Effective energy planning and collaboration between financial institutions and energy planners are crucial for promoting renewable energy [55][56]. - The importance of creating a conducive environment for renewable energy projects through strategic alignment and innovation is emphasized [57][58].