从评估到采取行动如何实现COP28能源目标（英）2024

Investment Rating - The report emphasizes the need for urgent action to implement the COP28 energy goals, which are critical for achieving net zero emissions by 2050 and limiting global warming to 1.5 °C [20][21]. Core Insights - The COP28 outcome includes ambitious goals such as tripling renewable energy capacity and doubling energy efficiency improvements by 2030, which could significantly reduce global greenhouse gas emissions [21][22]. - The report highlights the importance of translating COP28 pledges into domestic energy policies and integrating them into the next round of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) due in 2025 [6][22]. - Achieving the COP28 goals could reduce global GHG emissions by 10 billion tonnes by the end of the decade if implemented comprehensively [22][23]. Summary by Sections Section 1: Current Status - The world is not on track to meet the Paris Agreement goals, with energy-related CO2 emissions reaching a record high of around 38 gigatonnes in 2023 [46][50]. - Clean energy technologies are being deployed rapidly, but the energy sector is not progressing fast enough to meet the necessary targets [46][47]. Section 3: Pathways to Meet COP28 Goals - Full implementation of COP28 goals is essential for a successful energy transition, with a focus on comprehensive integration of these goals into national policies [22][36]. - The report outlines that achieving the tripling of renewable energy capacity requires increasing global installed capacity from approximately 3,680 gigawatts in 2022 to over 11,000 gigawatts by 2030 [51]. Section 4: Implementation Guide - The report provides a guide for implementing the COP28 energy goals, emphasizing the need for significant investments in grids and storage to support the tripling of renewable capacity [25][26]. - It stresses that without adequate infrastructure, the transition to renewable energy will not succeed, leading to higher electricity prices and increased reliance on fossil fuels [26][27]. Section 5: Just Transition - The report highlights the importance of transitioning away from fossil fuels in a just and equitable manner, which includes phasing down unabated coal power and reforming fossil fuel subsidies [27][29]. - It calls for inclusive dialogue among stakeholders to maximize socio-economic development opportunities during the transition [29][30]. Section 6: Integration into NDCs - The next round of NDCs is critical for achieving the COP28 goals, with countries needing to set absolute reduction targets and integrate these goals into their national plans [31][32]. - The report indicates that advanced economies should aim for a 60% to 80% reduction in emissions, while emerging markets and developing economies should target reductions of 35% to 65% [32].