2024 年东盟投资报告（英）

FDI Trends in ASEAN - FDI inflows to ASEAN reached a record $230 billion in 2023, marking the third consecutive year of increase despite a 10% decline in global FDI [35] - The top five industries accounted for 86% of inflows, with financial activities seeing a 53% increase to $92 billion [36] - Manufacturing FDI remained significant at $50 billion, with greenfield investment projects in manufacturing more than doubling in 2023 [39] - The United States and China were the top investors, with US FDI more than doubling to $74 billion, while Chinese FDI rose by nearly 20% to $17 billion [39][88] Renewable Energy and EV Investments - Investment in renewable energy-related industries attracted an average of $27 billion annually in greenfield projects from 2020-2023, accounting for 25% of total greenfield investments [40] - Investment in renewable energy generation rose from an annual average of $11 billion (2015-2019) to $14 billion (2020-2023), with two-thirds focused on solar and wind power [41] - Chinese companies are increasingly investing in the EV supply chain, with significant projects in battery production and EV assembly across ASEAN [57][138] Manufacturing and High-Value Services - Manufacturing FDI in ASEAN doubled during the AEC 2025 period, reaching an all-time high of $73 billion in 2022 [50] - FDI in high-value-added services, including R&D, grew by 56% during AEC 2025, with significant investments in professional, scientific, and technical services [62] - The semiconductor and electronics industries saw greenfield investment announcements more than double during AEC 2025, with an average of $5.6 billion annually [56] Digital Economy and Infrastructure - International investment in the digital economy, including e-commerce, fintech, and digital infrastructure, rose significantly, with greenfield investment in communication and data processing growing fivefold to $4.4 billion during AEC 2025 [58] - Digital infrastructure such as 5G networks and data centers are becoming critical for regional connectivity and Industry 4.0 development [58] Chinese Investment in ASEAN - Chinese FDI in ASEAN has grown significantly, with manufacturing investment increasing at a 33% CAGR since 2020, driven by industries such as automotive, electronics, and renewables [122][138] - Chinese companies are also heavily involved in non-equity investments, including international contracts for infrastructure development, with $290 billion worth of construction activities in ASEAN from 2010-2023 [151] - The ASEAN-China FTA and RCEP have been key drivers of Chinese investment, with many companies planning to expand operations in ASEAN due to market access and regional integration benefits [149][153]