联合国开发计划署自然承诺（英）2024

Investment Rating - The report emphasizes the urgent need for investment in nature-based solutions and sustainable development, highlighting the potential for a new nature-positive economy to generate significant business value and job creation by 2030 [13][14]. Core Insights - The report outlines the critical interdependence between nature and sustainable development, asserting that achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is impossible without addressing the nature crisis [6][7][24]. - It identifies the ongoing biodiversity loss and climate change as major threats to human rights and well-being, particularly affecting vulnerable populations [8][10]. - The report presents the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework as a pivotal agreement aimed at reversing nature loss and promoting sustainable practices [13][16]. Summary by Sections Nature Crisis - The report states that the world is experiencing the 6th Mass Extinction, with wildlife populations declining by 69% since 1970 and significant losses in wetlands and freshwater species [10]. - It highlights that half of global GDP is dependent on nature, with potential annual losses of $2.7 trillion by 2030 due to ecosystem service collapse [11]. Economic and Finance Shift - The report calls for a paradigm shift in how nature is viewed in economic terms, advocating for its recognition as a vital asset rather than a resource to be exploited [51]. - It sets ambitious targets, including leveraging $100 billion in new financing for nature and eliminating $200 billion in harmful subsidies [55][56]. Policy and Practice Shift - The report emphasizes the need for bold policy changes to address drivers of biodiversity loss, such as habitat degradation and pollution [64]. - It advocates for inclusive, rights-based approaches that involve Indigenous Peoples and local communities in decision-making processes [66]. Strategic Actions - The report outlines ten strategic actions to achieve the outlined shifts, focusing on integrating nature into economic and financial systems, enhancing governance, and promoting gender equality [41][59]. - It stresses the importance of partnerships across sectors to mobilize resources and implement effective nature-based solutions [36][37].