绿色金融系列（之四）：绿色金融在东亚的实践：经验、创新与挑战

Group 1: Climate Change and Economic Losses - In 2023, China's direct economic losses from natural disasters reached CNY 345.45 billion due to extreme drought, high temperatures, and typhoons[2] - Japan experienced six disaster events in 2023, resulting in cumulative losses exceeding USD 2.5 billion[2] - South Korea faced significant losses of USD 50 million from heavy rainfall and flooding in 2023[2] Group 2: Energy Transition Challenges - China aims for "carbon peak" by 2023 and "carbon neutrality" by 2060, necessitating a shift from coal, which constituted 55.3% of its energy consumption in 2023[3] - Japan's carbon emissions rose by 4.24% from 2011 to 2013 post-Fukushima, with a peak in 2013, and currently aims for carbon neutrality by 2050[3] - South Korea's coal-fired power generation accounted for 33.65% of its total electricity in 2022, with plans to increase renewable energy to 20% by 2030[3] Group 3: Green Finance Development - In 2023, China's green loan balance reached CNY 30.08 trillion, a 36.5% increase from 2022[5] - Japan's green credit issuance totaled JPY 947.4 billion, reflecting a 17.92% growth from the previous year[5] - The scale of green bonds in China, Japan, and South Korea was USD 83.51 billion, USD 15.021 billion, and USD 9.906 billion respectively[5] Group 4: Investment Needs and Opportunities - China's green low-carbon investment potential is estimated between CNY 140 trillion to CNY 200 trillion[4] - Japan plans to invest JPY 3.7 trillion in hydrogen industry development over the next decade[4] - South Korea aims to establish over 2,000 hydrogen stations nationwide by 2050[4]