低碳采购撬动建筑用材减排潜力

Industry Overview - Building materials decarbonization is crucial for achieving China's dual carbon goals, with building materials accounting for over 20% of national CO2 emissions in 2020 [70] - Cement and steel are the largest contributors to building materials emissions, accounting for 53% and 36% respectively [71] - Public procurement plays a significant role in driving low-carbon building materials adoption, accounting for 40% of cement and 47% of steel procurement in 2022 [78] Low-carbon Building Materials Pathways - Concrete decarbonization can be achieved through increased blending ratios in the short term and emerging technologies in the long term [32] - Increasing blending ratio from 20% to 30% reduces costs by 2.5% and carbon footprint by 8.6% [53] - Near-zero carbon cement production using CCUS currently has nearly 100% cost premium but is expected to decrease to 16% by 2030 [117] - Steel decarbonization focuses on scrap steel utilization in the short term and hydrogen metallurgy development in the long term [33] - Scrap steel EAF route has only 5% cost premium compared to BF-BOF route [123] - Green hydrogen DRI-EAF route currently has 26% cost premium but expected to decrease to 3% by 2030 [123] Market and Emission Impact - Low-carbon public procurement could drive demand for 45 million tons of low-emission steel and 277 million tons of blended/near-zero carbon cement by 2030 [54] - Accelerated low-carbon procurement scenario could reduce CO2 emissions by 27 million tons in steel and 37 million tons in cement industries annually by 2030 [54] - Full industry adoption of low-carbon building materials could achieve total emission reductions of 158 million tons annually [135] Cost Analysis - Incremental costs for low-carbon building materials are generally controllable [35] - Using 30% blended concrete and scrap steel EAF route increases construction cost by only 8 yuan/m² (0.4% premium) [138] - Carbon reduction cost is estimated at 56 yuan/ton, lower than current carbon market price [138] Policy and Implementation - China has established a solid policy foundation for green building materials since 2013, with recent focus shifting to low-carbon attributes [88] - Public procurement mechanisms should include five key elements: scope definition, data and certification systems, carbon requirements, incentives, and implementation systems [97] - Recent policy developments emphasize incorporating carbon footprint requirements into public procurement standards [84]