CIDEG决策参考（总第32期）数据要素流通：地方创新实践与国际经验

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The digital economy era has positioned data as a new production factor, characterized by economies of scale, non-competitiveness, low-cost replication, and diverse application combinations, indicating significant innovation potential [6][7] - The "Data Element ×" three-year action plan (2024-2026) emphasizes leveraging the multiplier effect of data elements to empower economic and social development [6] - Data circulation is crucial for the leap in the digital element industry, with three stages of value release: supporting business integration, driving intelligent decision-making, and enabling external empowerment [7][10] - In 2022, China's data production reached 8.1ZB, a year-on-year increase of 22.7%, accounting for 10.5% of global data production [8][10] - The marketization of data elements is still in its infancy, with many disorganized and "silent" data not yet becoming effective elements [10] Summary by Sections Introduction - The report discusses the significance of data as a new production factor in the context of industrial transformation and technological revolution, particularly in the AI field [6] Local Innovation Practices and International Experience - The report analyzes local innovations in data circulation across six dimensions: public business, market business, organizational subjects, participating subjects, circulation scope, and circulation technology [11] - Public data authorization operations are being explored in various regions, with different operational models emerging [12][15] - The report highlights the need for a systematic framework for public data authorization operations, including clear responsibilities and benefit distribution mechanisms [67] Market Business Innovation - Data trust is introduced as a means to protect personal data rights and enhance the circulation value of data assets [23] - The report notes that the first data trust in China was established in 2016, with ongoing efforts to explore new models for personal data trusteeship [24] Organizational Subject Innovation - The establishment of state-owned data groups is emphasized as a means to manage local data assets and drive digital industry planning [31] - The report mentions the average registered capital of provincial and municipal data groups, indicating significant investment in this area [32] Participation Subject Innovation - The transition from "matching transaction" models to "comprehensive data business" models in data exchanges is discussed, with a focus on creating a robust data trading ecosystem [39] - The report notes the establishment of 46 data exchanges in China by August 2022, with an average registered capital exceeding 100 million [40] Circulation Scope Innovation - The report addresses the challenges and regulatory frameworks surrounding cross-border data flow, highlighting recent regulatory changes aimed at facilitating data circulation [48][49] - Various local initiatives are underway to promote cross-border data flow, particularly in free trade zones [52] Circulation Technology Innovation - The report discusses the development of data space technologies aimed at creating a secure and traceable data circulation environment [58] - International examples, such as Germany's Industrial Data Space initiative, are presented as models for building effective data circulation frameworks [65][66]