隐孢子虫病2020年度流行病学报告

Investment Rating - The report does not provide a specific investment rating for the industry [3]. Core Insights - In 2020, 24 EU/EEA countries reported 4,164 confirmed cryptosporidiosis cases, with a notification rate of 1.7 cases per 100,000 population, the lowest in the past five years [3][10]. - The decrease in reported cases is attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic and the absence of data from the United Kingdom, which accounted for over 40% of cases prior to its withdrawal from the EU [18]. - The highest notification rate was observed in children aged 0-4 years, with 5.4 cases per 100,000 population, although this was about one-third of the rate seen in previous years [3][10]. Summary by Sections Introduction - Cryptosporidiosis is an acute diarrheal disease caused by the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium, affecting various animals and humans [4]. Methods - The report is based on data from The European Surveillance System (TESSy) collected on November 5, 2021 [5]. Epidemiology - Germany reported the highest number of cases (1,175), followed by Sweden (641), Finland (571), and Ireland (511) [10]. - The notification rate in 2020 decreased by 51.4% compared to 2019, which had a rate of 3.5 cases per 100,000 population [10]. Outbreaks and Other Threats - No outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis were reported in 2020 [17]. Discussion - The significant drop in cases in 2020 is linked to the absence of UK data and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on reporting and diagnostics [18]. - The infection is primarily acquired through recreational waters and contact with farm animals [18]. Public Health Implications - Increased laboratory testing and better reporting are essential for understanding the epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis [19]. - Public awareness campaigns are recommended to minimize the risk of infection, especially among vulnerable populations [19].