报告点评：碳数据赋能：实现投资组合目标的新路径

Core Insights - The report emphasizes the increasing focus on carbon emissions due to global climate change pressures, highlighting the importance of precise measurement and management of carbon emissions for achieving net-zero targets [1][5] - It discusses the critical role of carbon data in investment decision-making, particularly in high-carbon industries and supply chain management [1][5] Carbon Emission Scope Classification - Carbon emissions are categorized into three scopes: Scope 1 (direct emissions), Scope 2 (indirect emissions from purchased energy), and Scope 3 (value chain emissions), with Scope 3 often representing the largest share of total emissions [4][7] - Scope 3 emissions are complex and challenging to quantify, yet they account for over 70% of total emissions for many companies, making their management crucial [9][14] Industry Analysis: High-Carbon Industries - High-carbon industries, such as cement, steel, and chemicals, face significant challenges in meeting global reduction targets, but many are exploring pathways for green transformation [4][12] - The report notes that while these industries typically have high emissions intensity, advancements in technology and supportive policies are enabling some companies to achieve carbon reduction goals [4][12] Data-Driven Transformation and Reduction - Accurate and accessible data is essential for effective carbon management, with traditional estimation methods often facing issues of incompleteness and error, particularly in Scope 3 calculations [4][19] - The application of data technologies, including AI and blockchain, can enhance tracking and management of carbon footprints across complex supply chains [4][19] Scientific Carbon Targets (SBTi) - Companies are encouraged to set scientific carbon targets (SBTi) to guide their future reduction pathways, with a focus on achieving at least 90% of reductions through technological means rather than carbon offsets [6][15] - As of now, only 47% of MSCI global index constituents align with the 2°C pathway, indicating a significant gap in meeting climate goals [16][21] Investment Implications - High-carbon industries are not off-limits for investment; rather, they may present long-term reduction opportunities through technological innovation [19][21] - Investors are advised to adopt data-driven strategies to balance risks and opportunities in both high-carbon and low-carbon sectors, ensuring that carbon footprints are accurately assessed [19][21]