摩根士丹利：利率期限溢价和美元走势

Investment Rating - The report suggests a bearish stance on the US dollar while advocating for long positions in the euro, pound, and yen [2]. Core Insights - The 10-year Treasury yield is expected to reach 4% in 2025, with further declines anticipated in 2026, driven primarily by significant rate cuts from the Federal Reserve [1][3]. - The difference in two-year yields between the US and Europe significantly impacts the dollar's performance, with a decline in US yields likely to weaken the dollar [4]. - The term premium is influenced by multiple factors, including foreign investor sell-offs of US Treasuries and Federal Reserve policies, with expectations of rising term premiums during rate cuts [1][4]. - Economic stimulus policies have a negligible effect on actual GDP growth, and reduced tariff revenues lessen the Treasury's need to raise long-term bond issuance rates [5]. Summary by Sections Interest Rate Expectations - The yield curve is expected to steepen, with a forecasted decline in the 10-year Treasury yield to 4% in 2025 and further decreases in 2026, primarily due to anticipated rate cuts from the Federal Reserve [1][3]. Currency Market Dynamics - The report indicates that the US dollar is likely to weaken due to falling yields, while the euro may appreciate as European investors have not hedged significant US asset exposures [2][4]. - The pound is expected to rise due to favorable valuations and the parliamentary recess, while the yen's positive fiscal dynamics support its strength [2][6]. Fiscal Policy Implications - Economic stimulus is projected to contribute minimally to GDP growth, with estimates around 20 basis points, and the Treasury's financing needs are expected to remain stable without raising long-term bond rates [5]. Central Bank Decision-Making - Understanding the decision-making tendencies of central banks, particularly those that maintain market pricing ambiguity, is crucial for forex investors [6].