山东省及下辖各市经济财政实力与债务研究（2025）

Economic Performance - Shandong Province achieved a GDP of 98,565.8 billion yuan in 2024, growing by 5.7% year-on-year, maintaining its position as the third-largest economy in China[2] - In the first three quarters of 2025, the GDP reached 77,115.0 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 5.6%, surpassing the national average by 0.4 percentage points[2] - The province's industrial investment helped mitigate the negative impact of declining real estate investment, contributing to overall investment growth[2] Fiscal Strength - In 2024, Shandong's general public budget revenue was 7,711.74 billion yuan, a 3.3% increase from the previous year, ranking fifth nationally[4] - The tax ratio was 65.35%, down 4.7 percentage points from the previous year, placing it 13th among provinces[4] - Government fund budget revenue fell to 4,832.12 billion yuan in 2024, a decrease of 1.9% due to declining land transaction prices[4] Debt Situation - By the end of 2024, Shandong's government debt reached 28,428.81 billion yuan, an 18.9% increase from 2023, ranking second nationally[7] - The debt-to-budget revenue ratio was 4.46 times, indicating a moderate level of risk compared to other provinces[7] - The debt growth was concentrated in larger cities, with Qingdao and Jinan having the highest debt levels at 4,382.57 billion yuan and 3,770.56 billion yuan, respectively[8] City-Level Analysis - Qingdao, Jinan, and Yantai led the provincial economy with GDPs of 16,719.46 billion yuan, 13,527.60 billion yuan, and 10,782.83 billion yuan, respectively, accounting for 41.6% of the province's total GDP[3] - Most cities experienced a slowdown in economic growth, with the average growth rate around 5% to 7%[3] - In 2024, the general public budget revenue for Qingdao and Jinan was 1,339.26 billion yuan and 1,083.05 billion yuan, respectively, showing a clear leading advantage[5]