液冷行业概览：算力大势所趋，AI助力液冷步入新篇章

Investment Rating - The report indicates a positive investment outlook for the liquid cooling industry, highlighting its transition from a niche option to a mainstream solution in high-density computing scenarios driven by AI and data center demands [3][5]. Core Insights - The explosive growth in computing power demand is reshaping cooling methods in data centers, making liquid cooling a necessity for high-density scenarios. AI model training and inference are driving significant increases in chip power consumption and cabinet power density [3][27]. - Liquid cooling technology offers superior thermal management capabilities, with thermal conductivity over 25 times that of air and heat transfer coefficients 1,000 to 3,000 times greater than traditional air cooling, enabling support for power densities exceeding 50kW and up to 200kW [3][27]. - By 2025, liquid cooling is expected to transition from high-end applications to mainstream adoption, driven by the need for efficient cooling solutions in AI computing centers and supercomputing environments [3][5]. Summary by Sections Market Overview - The global liquid cooling market is led by the United States, with major cloud service providers adopting liquid cooling as a standard for new data centers. The market is characterized by a shift towards immersion cooling, which is growing faster than cold plate cooling [4]. - In China, the liquid cooling market is projected to grow from 11.08 billion yuan in 2023 to 184 billion yuan in 2024, with a compound annual growth rate of 66.1% expected through 2025 [5]. Technology Comparison - Liquid cooling technologies include cold plate cooling, immersion cooling, and spray cooling, with cold plate cooling currently holding a 65% market share due to its compatibility and lower retrofit costs. Immersion cooling is expected to gain traction due to its higher efficiency and noise reduction capabilities [11][14]. - The total cost of ownership (TCO) for liquid cooling is projected to be 20%-30% lower than air cooling over five years in high-density scenarios, making it a more cost-effective solution despite higher initial investments [18][22]. Efficiency and Performance - Liquid cooling systems can achieve a Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) of 1.1-1.2, significantly lower than traditional air cooling systems, which can reach PUE values of 1.4-1.8. This efficiency translates to substantial energy savings and reduced operational costs [19][30]. - The report emphasizes that liquid cooling can extend equipment lifespan by over 30% due to better thermal management, reducing the risk of overheating-related failures [27][21]. Future Outlook - The liquid cooling market is expected to enter a phase of comprehensive expansion from 2025 to 2029, with a projected annual growth rate of 37.4%. This growth will be supported by cost advantages from economies of scale, improved technology ecosystems, and expanded application scenarios [5][23].