人口老龄化：中国趋势与特征

Group 1: Aging Population Trends - The global aging process began in 2001, with varying speeds across countries, and has accelerated overall, making it a national strategy for China[1] - By 2032, China's aging rate is expected to exceed 21.0%, entering a super-aged society, and will reach 33.0% by 2050[2] - In 2021, China's elderly population was approximately 188 million, accounting for nearly 24.3% of the global elderly population, and is projected to increase to 333 million by 2035[3] Group 2: Characteristics of China's Aging Population - China's aging process is characterized by a large elderly population, rapid progression, and a phenomenon of aging before becoming affluent[4] - The total fertility rate (TFR) in China has sharply declined from 7.5 in 1963 to 1.09 in 2022, indicating a significant drop in the number of young people[5] - Urban-rural and regional disparities in aging are influenced by economic development imbalances, with urban areas experiencing lower aging rates compared to rural areas[6] Group 3: Future Projections and Implications - China's total population is expected to decline from a peak of 1.47 billion in 2022 to 1.24 billion by 2050, with the aging rate increasing significantly during this period[7] - In a neutral scenario, the aging rate will rise from 24.5% in 2035 to 33.0% by 2050, with variations in projections based on different fertility rate assumptions[8] - The aging population's growth will have profound implications for labor, finance, housing, and social security systems in China[9]