人形机器人专题报告四：六维力传感器：人机末端力觉来源，行业格局变化在即

Industry Overview - Force sensors are widely used in various industries including industrial automation, automotive, consumer electronics, medical devices, and aerospace [1] - The upstream material cost accounts for over 80% of the total cost, with key processes including strain gauge manufacturing [1] - The midstream involves processing, manufacturing, and packaging, while downstream applications are extensive [1] Six-Axis Force Sensors - Six-axis force sensors are the highest-dimensional force sensors and are essential for high-performance humanoid robots [1] - They provide comprehensive force information and improve sensing accuracy, which cannot be replaced by multiple low-dimensional sensors [1] - These sensors are primarily installed at the end of humanoid robots, such as wrists and ankles, to enhance fine motor control and walking stability [1] Market and Production Challenges - The production of six-axis force sensors is technically challenging, with low efficiency and high costs [1] - The average price of six-axis force sensors ranges from 20,000 to 40,000 RMB, with costs in the thousands, indicating high profit margins [1] - The market for six-axis force sensors is currently niche, with a 2022 market size of less than 300 million RMB and sales of fewer than 10,000 units [2] - The domestic market is dominated by foreign brands, but domestic brands are catching up in terms of precision and cost-effectiveness [2] Key Companies - Domestic companies involved in six-axis force sensors include Haozhi Electromechanical, Kelisensing, and Minxin Semiconductor, though their products are still in the early stages of commercialization or R&D [3] - Non-listed companies like Yuli Instruments, Landian Touch, and Kunwei Technology are also significant players in the domestic market [2] Future Trends - The mass production of humanoid robots is expected to drive significant market growth for six-axis force sensors [2] - Domestic brands are expected to accelerate the process of import substitution due to their cost-performance advantages [2] - The industry may see a price reduction and reshuffle as humanoid robot production scales up and cost pressures increase [1]