2024新经济环境下小微市场主体普惠金融研究报告

Industry Overview - The inclusive finance sector has seen significant growth over the past decade, with the number of small and micro-enterprises (SMEs) receiving credit reaching 61.66 million by the end of 2023 [3] - The balance of inclusive finance loans for small and micro-enterprises increased from 11.6 trillion yuan in 2019 to 29.4 trillion yuan by the end of 2023, with an average annual growth rate exceeding 25% [30] - The average interest rate for newly issued inclusive loans to small and micro-enterprises in 2023 was 4.78%, a cumulative decrease of over 3 percentage points since 2017 [3] New Economy and New Business Models - The new economy, including sectors like biopharmaceuticals, new materials, and new energy, has grown rapidly, with the added value of the "three new" economy reaching 21.0084 trillion yuan in 2022, accounting for 17.36% of GDP [3] - New business models, such as online wholesale and retail, homestays, and online freight transport, have emerged, driven by technological innovation and changing consumer demands [37] - The number of SMEs in China exceeded 52 million by the end of Q3 2023, accounting for 98.4% of all legal entities, with 1.24 billion registered individual businesses by the end of 2023 [40] SME Financial Health and Trends - The average health score of SMEs surveyed was 7.11, with manufacturing sectors like energy conservation and environmental protection scoring higher (7.40) compared to cultural and sports entertainment sectors [53] - Over 80% of SMEs expressed strong confidence in their future development, with manufacturing sectors being more optimistic than service sectors [57] - Cash flow pressure was a significant factor affecting SME health, with 70% of SMEs scoring 6 in cash flow health, indicating tight liquidity [59] Financing Needs and Preferences - 36.1% of SMEs surveyed had obtained loans in the past three years, with the average loan amount accounting for 49% of annual revenue [79] - Short-term working capital and equipment purchases were the primary uses of loans, accounting for 70.4% and 53.9% respectively [87] - 80.7% of SMEs preferred loans with a maturity of less than one year, reflecting their short-term financing needs [94] Digital Transformation in Inclusive Finance - Digital technologies like AI, big data, and blockchain are driving innovation in financial product design and risk management, enabling banks to offer more personalized and efficient services [117] - The shift towards online and mobile financial services is evident, with SMEs increasingly preferring fully online loan processing, especially in new business models like homestays and online retail [110] - Digital platforms are helping banks improve risk control by analyzing customer behavior and transaction data, leading to better credit decisions and reduced default risks [117] Future Directions for Inclusive Finance - The integration of digital technology with inclusive finance is crucial for expanding coverage and improving service efficiency, particularly for underserved groups like new urban residents [118] - Risk management remains a core competency for financial products, with a focus on early identification and mitigation of risks to ensure sustainable growth in inclusive finance [119] - Scenario-based financial products tailored to the specific needs of new economy sectors, such as intellectual property financing and supply chain finance, are expected to play a key role in supporting SME growth [122]