2024在工作场所使用人工智能：机会、风险和政策应对措施（英）

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The rapid development and adoption of AI technologies in the workplace present both opportunities and risks for policymakers and workers alike [4][5] - AI has the potential to significantly enhance productivity and job quality, with surveys indicating that 80% of AI users report improved performance and 60% report increased job enjoyment [5][9] - However, there are substantial concerns regarding job displacement, wage reduction, and increased work intensity due to AI implementation [6][11] Summary by Sections Introduction and Purpose - Policymakers globally are addressing the swift advancements in AI technologies and their integration into workplaces, affecting all sectors and occupations [4] Opportunities and Benefits - AI can enhance worker performance and job satisfaction, with 80% of workers acknowledging improvements in their work due to AI [5] - The unequal access to AI may exacerbate disparities among firms and workers, highlighting the need for equitable AI adoption [5] Risks and Concerns - A significant portion of the workforce (60%) fears job loss to AI within the next decade, and 40% anticipate wage reductions in their sectors [6] - Concerns also include increased work intensity, data privacy issues, and potential biases in AI systems [6][37] Policy Gaps and Recommendations - There is a lack of concrete action plans for skills development related to AI, with existing programs often focusing narrowly on digital skills [14][15] - Recommendations include monitoring AI's impact on labor markets, anticipating future skill needs, and providing adequate social protection for displaced workers [15][21] Specific Risks Identified - Automation and Job Displacement: AI poses risks to high-skilled jobs, with 27% of total employment in occupations at high risk of automation [11][14] - Rising Inequality: Disparities in AI access can lead to increased inequality in the labor market [16][21] - Occupational Health and Safety: AI can both improve and pose new risks to worker health and safety [22][25] - Privacy Breaches: Increased data collection through AI raises significant privacy concerns among workers [27][30] - Bias and Discrimination: AI systems can perpetuate existing biases if not properly designed [37][40] - Lack of Autonomy: AI can limit workers' autonomy and agency, impacting their professional identity [43][46] - Lack of Transparency and Explainability: Workers often struggle to understand AI decision-making processes, leading to distrust [48][51] - Lack of Accountability: Unclear lines of accountability for AI systems complicate regulatory enforcement [55][57] - Challenges to Social Dialogue: The introduction of AI can create information asymmetries between employers and workers [58][60] Conclusions - Continuous monitoring of AI risks and policy responses is essential to address the fast-evolving landscape of AI in the workplace [64]