清华金融评论·2025-02-26 10:36Core Viewpoint - Cloud computing is rapidly transforming the financial industry by enhancing service efficiency, reducing costs, and fostering innovation, but challenges related to security and regulatory compliance remain significant for financial institutions in China compared to their counterparts in the US and Europe [1][4]. Group 1: Cloud Computing in Financial Services - Cloud computing is defined as a shared pool of configurable resources accessed over the network, allowing for on-demand self-service and rapid elasticity [3]. - The global cloud computing market has grown from billions to hundreds of billions, with governments adopting "cloud-first" strategies [4]. - Financial institutions are increasingly viewing cloud services as essential for their technological capabilities, with many adopting hybrid models that combine public and private cloud services [4][5]. Group 2: Benefits and Challenges of Financial Cloud - The application of financial cloud services can lower costs, accelerate IT asset deployment, and enhance operational resilience [5]. - The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of financial cloud services, as institutions adapt to remote work and increased demand for digital products [5]. - Challenges include a lack of skilled professionals, data privacy concerns, and the risks associated with operational disruptions [5]. Group 3: Current State of Financial Cloud in the US - Major US tech companies like Microsoft, Amazon, and Google dominate the cloud service market, with large banks utilizing these services to optimize core business systems [8]. - Financial institutions are leveraging cloud technology for real-time data analysis, risk management, and customer service improvements [8]. - First Capital Bank became the first US bank to fully migrate to the cloud, enhancing its operational capabilities [8]. Group 4: Current State of Financial Cloud in Europe - In Europe, the same major US cloud providers dominate, with a significant increase in demand for cloud services since the pandemic [9]. - 21% of European banks consider cloud adoption a strategic priority to enhance competitiveness [9]. - Institutions like Deutsche Bank and OakNorth Bank are actively utilizing cloud services for online banking and loan provision, demonstrating profitability and efficiency [9]. Group 5: Regulatory Framework for Financial Cloud - The US has detailed and strict regulations for cloud service providers and financial cloud usage, with the Treasury Department assessing risks associated with technology services [11].