半导体行业观察·2025-03-05 01:03Core Viewpoint - Vietnam is set to build its first semiconductor wafer fabrication plant with a budget of 12.8 trillion VND (approximately 500 million USD), aiming to enhance its semiconductor ecosystem and attract foreign investment in the industry [1][2]. Investment and Development Plans - The Vietnamese government has approved a significant investment plan for a semiconductor factory, which will include tax incentives allowing companies to retain 20% of taxable income for reinvestment in the local semiconductor ecosystem [1]. - Vietnam is actively negotiating with several U.S. semiconductor companies, including GlobalFoundries and PSMC, to establish a semiconductor manufacturing presence in the country [3][5]. - The government aims to complete the first semiconductor manufacturing plant by around 2030, with plans to support local companies like Viettel in building their own facilities [5][10]. Industry Growth and Export Statistics - By 2021, semiconductors accounted for 19% of Vietnam's technology exports, up from 11% in 2011, with a compound annual growth rate of 37.6% during that period [8]. - In 2023, Vietnam's semiconductor equipment exports reached 7.53 billion USD, with over half going to the U.S., making Vietnam the third-largest chip exporter to the U.S. after Malaysia and Taiwan [8][10]. Strategic Vision for Semiconductor Industry - Vietnam's long-term strategy includes establishing six wafer fabrication plants and achieving an annual revenue of approximately 25 billion USD by 2030, with projections of 50 billion USD by 2040 and 100 billion USD by 2050 [13][14][15]. - The strategy will be implemented in three phases, focusing on attracting foreign investment, enhancing domestic capabilities, and ultimately creating a self-sufficient semiconductor ecosystem [16][20][22]. Challenges and Competitive Landscape - The high cost of building semiconductor fabs, estimated at up to 50 billion USD, poses a significant challenge for Vietnam as it competes with countries like China, the U.S., South Korea, and the EU, which have announced substantial funding for their semiconductor industries [6][12]. - Vietnam's semiconductor industry currently relies heavily on foreign direct investment, primarily in assembly, testing, and packaging, with limited domestic production capabilities [10][12].