25年两会报告解读：财政加力，科技兴国【广发策略】

Core Viewpoint - The government work report emphasizes a stable yet progressive economic approach, maintaining a GDP growth target of around 5% and a budget deficit target of approximately 4%, indicating a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately loose monetary policy aimed at promoting the healthy development of the real estate and stock markets [2][3]. Group 1: Economic Policy - The fiscal policy is set to be more aggressive, with a total new government debt scale of 11.86 trillion yuan, an increase of 2.9 trillion yuan from the previous year [2]. - The monetary policy will focus on optimizing tools to support the real estate and stock markets [2]. - The budget deficit target of around 4% is a record high, with specific allocations for long-term special bonds and local special bonds being raised [2]. Group 2: Domestic Demand Expansion - The primary task for 2025 is to expand domestic demand, particularly addressing the consumption shortfall [2]. - Key measures include issuing 300 billion yuan in ultra-long special bonds for "old-for-new" exchanges and promoting new types of consumption in digital, green, and intelligent sectors [2]. Group 3: Technological Development - The focus on new productive forces emphasizes the digital economy and advanced manufacturing, with new industry priorities including biomanufacturing, quantum technology, embodied intelligence, and 6G [3]. - The report highlights the importance of digital transformation and the cultivation of digital service providers [3]. Group 4: Capital Market Reform - The report outlines reforms aimed at increasing medium- and long-term capital inflows into the market, along with optimizing IPO and merger and acquisition processes [3]. Group 5: Real Estate Policy - New measures in real estate include reducing restrictive policies and granting local authorities greater autonomy in managing existing housing stock [3]. Group 6: Population and Social Policies - The report addresses community-based elderly care and mentions the introduction of childcare subsidies [4]. Group 7: State-Owned Enterprise Reform - The establishment of a strategic mission evaluation system for state-owned enterprises is highlighted [5].