行业革新散热技术！石墨烯导热垫片破解高功率大尺寸芯片散热难题

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the challenges posed by high-power AI chips, particularly focusing on heat generation and warping issues due to increased power density and chip size, emphasizing the need for efficient thermal interface materials (TIM) to ensure stable and effective operation of AI chips [1][3]. Group 1: High-Power AI Chip Challenges - The rapid development of data centers centered around high-performance AI chips has led to a significant increase in power consumption, exemplified by the H100 chip with a maximum power of 700W and a size of 814mm² [1]. - The reliability of chips decreases by approximately 50% for every 10°C increase in temperature, highlighting the critical importance of effective heat dissipation [1]. Group 2: Thermal Interface Materials (TIM) - Different levels of TIM are categorized, including TIM1.5 (direct connection between bare chip and heat sink), TIM1 (between chip and lid), and TIM2 (between lid and heat sink) [2]. - TIM for high-power large-size chips must meet specific requirements: low bond line thickness (≤0.3mm), low thermal resistance (≤0.1℃cm²/W), and stress absorption to counteract warping [3]. Group 3: Solutions by Hongfu Cheng - Hongfu Cheng has developed a vertical graphene thermal pad that addresses the challenges of heat dissipation for high-power large-size chips, leveraging their experience in oriented carbon fiber thermal pads [4][8]. - The vertical graphene thermal pad achieves a low thermal resistance of 0.04℃cm²/W through orientation technology and appropriate packaging pressure [5]. - The internal porous structure of the thermal pad allows it to adapt quickly to local deformations, preventing material from being pushed out and ensuring long-term reliability [6]. Group 4: Performance Advantages - Compared to traditional thermal interface materials like thermal grease and indium sheets, the graphene thermal pad does not suffer from creep or pump-out risks, maintains a complete thermal interface, and provides uniform heat conduction without hotspots [11]. - The manufacturing process for the graphene thermal pad is simpler and allows for automated assembly, significantly reducing packaging time and equipment costs compared to indium sheets [11]. Group 5: Reliability and Commercialization - The graphene thermal pads have undergone rigorous testing, showing a thermal resistance change rate of less than 5% after 1000 hours of high-temperature and thermal cycling tests, indicating superior reliability compared to conventional materials [7]. - Hongfu Cheng has established automated production lines and achieved mass delivery, gaining recognition from leading companies in the chip industry for product quality [8].