2nm，要来了！

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the latest developments in 2nm semiconductor technology from major players like TSMC, Intel, and Samsung, highlighting their advancements and market strategies. TSMC Developments - TSMC is set to hold a ceremony for its 2nm expansion, marking a significant breakthrough in advanced process technology, with mass production expected in the second half of 2025 using Nanosheet transistor structure [3][4]. - TSMC's 2nm production facilities are planned in Hsinchu and Kaohsiung, with strong demand anticipated, particularly from Apple, AMD, and Intel, with orders already extending to 2027 [3][4]. - The 2nm process is expected to increase speed by 10-15% at the same power consumption and reduce power consumption by 25-30% at the same speed, with a density increase of over 15% [4][5]. Intel Developments - Intel plans to launch its 1.8nm technology, known as 18A, with mass production expected to begin in mid-2025, featuring significant performance improvements and density increases [7][8]. - The 18A process is designed to enhance performance per watt by 15% and increase chip density by 30%, with innovative PowerVia technology to improve power performance [8][9]. - Intel is also preparing a performance-enhanced version of 18A, which may attract external customers looking to maximize performance while minimizing power consumption [9]. Samsung Developments - Samsung is facing challenges with its 2nm GAA process, currently achieving a 30% yield rate, which must improve to at least 70% for broader customer orders [10][13]. - The company has secured orders for its 2nm process and aims to enhance its GAA technology, collaborating with Preferred Networks to develop AI accelerators [10][13]. - Future enhancements include the SF2P and SF2Z nodes, which will focus on improving power, performance, and area efficiency [14]. Other Industry Players - Japan's Rapidus is constructing a 2nm wafer fab, aiming for trial production in April 2025 and mass production by 2027, partnering with Quest Global Services for semiconductor solutions [17][18]. - The competition in advanced semiconductor processes is intensifying, with TSMC making strides towards 1.4nm technology, while Samsung and Intel are also advancing their respective nodes [18][19].