一年减少近100万人！中部六省，东北化了

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significant population decline in various regions of China, particularly focusing on the Northeast and Central provinces, highlighting the demographic shifts and their implications for economic and social dynamics [1][18]. Group 1: Population Decline in Northeast and Central Provinces - The Northeast region has experienced the most severe population loss in China, with a total decrease of 10.99 million people from 2010 to 2020, including 6.46 million in Heilongjiang, 3.38 million in Jilin, and 1.15 million in Liaoning [3][4]. - In 2021, the Northeast provinces collectively lost over 1 million people, and in 2022, the loss was 864,000 [5]. - The Central provinces, including Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, and Shanxi, also faced negative population growth in 2023, with a total decline of 1.33 million [9][10]. - The population decline in the Central provinces is projected to be 940,300 in 2024, with some provinces showing slight improvements while others continue to see increased losses [11][15]. Group 2: Factors Behind Population Decline - The overall national population peaked in 2021 and has been declining since, primarily due to a continuous drop in birth rates, which fell below death rates [19][20]. - In 2024, the birth rate is expected to be 9.54 million, while deaths are projected at 10.93 million, indicating a worsening demographic situation [21]. - The article notes a "compensatory marriage wave" in 2023, leading to an increase in marriage rates, but the subsequent decline in marriage rates in 2024 is likely to result in a further drop in birth rates in 2025 [23][24]. - Natural population decrease is a significant factor in the population decline of Central provinces, with regions like Hunan experiencing a natural population decrease of 203,000 in 2023 [25][26]. Group 3: Migration Patterns and Economic Implications - The article highlights that regions like Henan, Shanxi, and Jiangxi are experiencing net population outflows due to insufficient population competitiveness [27][28]. - Hubei and Anhui are exceptions, showing net population inflows, with Hubei gaining 124,000 and Anhui gaining 157,000 in 2023 [33][37]. - Anhui's strong population growth is attributed to its "strong provincial capital strategy," which has significantly enhanced its economic competitiveness, particularly in cities like Hefei [42][44]. - The automotive industry in Anhui has seen substantial growth, with a reported revenue of 549.19 billion yuan in 2024, contributing to the province's economic strength and population attraction [53][67].