关税战下，服饰巨头们出路在哪？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the impact of the U.S. government's tariff policies on the global fashion and textile industry, highlighting the shift in supply chains and production strategies among major brands in response to rising costs and geopolitical tensions [4][17]. Supply Chain Dynamics - The textile industry is undergoing a significant transformation, with companies relocating production to countries like Vietnam, Cambodia, and Bangladesh due to rising labor costs in China and stricter regulations [6][7]. - The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated this migration, prompting brands to diversify their supply chains and avoid over-reliance on a single country [7][8]. Regional Production Strategies - Many companies are adopting a "nearshoring" strategy, producing goods closer to key consumer markets to reduce shipping times and costs [8][9]. - Luxury brands like Hermès and Louis Vuitton are increasing local production in Europe and the U.S. to enhance brand image and maintain product quality [9][10]. Case Studies: Adidas and Zara - Adidas is focusing on a "market-oriented supply chain regionalization," aiming to mitigate tariff risks by increasing local production in China and sourcing from non-sensitive regions for the U.S. market [12][14]. - Zara's parent company, Inditex, maintains a high level of production in Europe, allowing for rapid response to market demands and optimizing inventory management [15][16]. Financial Implications - Zara's profit margins are significantly higher than industry averages, allowing for greater flexibility in pricing amidst rising costs due to tariffs [16]. - The shift towards supply chain resilience reflects a broader trend in the fashion industry, moving from a focus on low costs to balancing cost, speed, and risk [17].