21世纪经济报道·2025-04-23 10:00Core Viewpoint - Tesla's production of humanoid robots, "Optimus," is impacted by China's export controls on rare earth materials, specifically affecting the supply of rare earth magnets necessary for the robots' servo motors [1][2][3]. Group 1: Impact of Export Controls - China's Ministry of Commerce announced export controls on seven categories of heavy rare earth materials, including samarium, gadolinium, and dysprosium, effective April 4 [3]. - The purpose of these controls is to safeguard national security and fulfill international obligations, reflecting China's commitment to maintaining global peace and stability [3]. Group 2: Demand for Rare Earth Materials - Tesla plans to produce thousands of "Optimus" robots this year, with each robot requiring approximately 3.5 kg of high-performance neodymium-iron-boron magnets [3][10]. - The demand for rare earth materials in humanoid robots is projected to be significant, with Goldman Sachs predicting that humanoid robot shipments could reach 890,000 units by 2030, representing a compound annual growth rate of 53% from 2025 to 2030 [9][10]. Group 3: Market Reaction - Following the announcement of export controls, rare earth permanent magnet stocks surged, with companies like Jinli Permanent Magnet and Longmag Technology seeing significant stock price increases of over 10% and 7.79%, respectively [4][6][7].