半导体行业观察·2025-06-12 00:42Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the challenges faced by semiconductor companies in the U.S. due to local opposition and regulatory delays, impacting the construction and operation of new facilities funded by the CHIPS Act. Group 1: Company-Specific Challenges - Amkor's $2 billion chip packaging plant in Peoria, Arizona, faces local resistance due to concerns over water resources and traffic congestion, with residents threatening legal action [2] - Micron's $100 billion DRAM production facility in Clay, New York, has encountered delays in environmental assessments, pushing back the construction timeline originally set for 2024 [3][4] - Micron's facility is expected to be the largest semiconductor plant in the U.S., with a total cleanroom area of 600,000 square feet, but delays could result in significant financial losses of $5 million per day [3] Group 2: Industry Context and Geopolitical Factors - The semiconductor trade, valued at $600 billion, has become a focal point in global discussions on security and economic dominance, with the supply chain being particularly vulnerable due to geopolitical tensions [5] - The U.S. semiconductor strategy has shifted under different administrations, with Biden focusing on investment-driven policies and Trump emphasizing tariffs, leading to contrasting impacts on the industry [7][8] - Chris Miller, a historian and expert on semiconductor trade, highlights the importance of the CHIPS Act in mitigating risks associated with reliance on Taiwanese chip manufacturing, while noting that China's advancements in manufacturing pose ongoing challenges [6][7] Group 3: Future Outlook - The success of Micron's plans to produce 40% of DRAM in the U.S. by the mid-2030s is uncertain due to current project delays [4] - The article emphasizes the need for careful consideration of export controls on advanced semiconductors, as these are critical to maintaining U.S. technological leadership [10]