How to Cool the Planet by Capturing Contrails | Dr Sarah Qureshi | TEDxFaisalabad Medical University

Aviation Industry & Environmental Impact - Aviation industry faces the challenge of reducing pollution, specifically moving from zero carbon (no CO2 emissions) to zero emissions (no CO2 and non-carbon emissions) [5][6] - Burning hydrocarbon fuel produces both carbon dioxide and water vapor, with water vapor behaving as a greenhouse gas in the atmosphere [4] - Contrails, or condensation trails, are artificial clouds formed by the freezing of water vapor released from aircraft engines, contributing to global warming by creating a heat-trapping blanket [6][7][10] - Contrails cover is increasing, with projections showing a significant rise in artificial cloud coverage by 2050 compared to 1992 [13] - Aviation's annual fuel burn is 4 billion tons, releasing 5 billion tons of water vapor, with 50% (2.5 billion tons) forming contrails, disrupting the earth's ecosystem [14] - Global warming heat signature from contrails is equivalent to 1 trillion watts, which is one-third of the world's annual electricity consumption [11] Technological Solutions & Innovation - Various technologies are being explored to reduce aviation pollution, including hybrid-electric, all-electric, liquid hydrogen burning, hydrogen fuel cells, ammonia fuel combustion, and sustainable aviation fuels [15][16][17] - Battery technology limitations hinder the development of large-scale electric aircraft, necessitating a combination of technologies [17][18] - A company has developed an add-on turbo machinery for jet engines to process exhaust emissions, converting water vapor into liquid water for later release as artificial rainfall, aiming to eliminate contrails [19][22] - The company's technology is at Technology Readiness Level (TRL) stages, progressing from basic concept and simulation (TRL 1-3) to lab testing (TRL 4-5) and eventually flight testing (TRL 9) for commercialization [26][27] Business & Market Strategy - The company aims to provide an alternate technology to reduce pollution in the sky, enabling regulations on emissions of smoke [34] - The company targets engine manufacturers, aircraft manufacturers, and airlines as potential adopters of its contrail-free engine technology [29][31] - Airlines can potentially create artificial rainfall, obtain carbon credits, and support environmental agencies' regulations by adopting the technology [34]