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Efficiency Metrics in Cryptography - The industry suggests reporting cryptographic overhead as a ratio of in-cryptography computation time versus raw computation time [1] - This ratio provides a hardware-independent measure of efficiency loss when using cryptographic applications instead of trust-dependent ones [1] - Overhead factor aids developers in estimating cryptographic computation time based on their existing knowledge of raw computation time [1] Challenges in Overhead Measurement - Measuring overhead is complex due to heterogeneous operations in execution and proving, especially with SIMD/parallelization and memory access patterns [2] - Despite imperfections, the industry believes overhead factor remains a valuable metric [2]