Natureza | Nathalia Abdul Baki Cerutti, Júlia Zétola & Carolina Lemos

Ecosystems and Services - Ecosystems consist of biotic and abiotic elements interacting within a specific region, functioning as an integrated system [3] - Ecosystems provide essential services divided into provision, regulation, cultural, and support categories, ensuring water, food, air, and climate balance [6][7] - Indigenous perspectives view humans as equal to ecosystems, contrasting with a view that sees nature as a resource for exploitation [8][9] Environmental Degradation and Consequences - Pollution, exemplified by the Rio Belém, leads to disease proliferation, foul odors, and biodiversity loss [10] - The tragedies of Mariana (2015, ~19 deaths) and Brumadinho (2019, ~272 deaths) resulted from dam failures due to excessive iron ore accumulation and structural issues [11][12] - These disasters highlight the consequences of exploitative ecosystem use [10] Activism and Indigenous Wisdom - Ailton Krenak, an indigenous activist, advocated for indigenous rights in Brazil's 1988 Constitution, using body paint as a symbol of protest [13][14] - Greta Thunberg initiated climate protests in 2018, leading to the "Fridays for Future" movement, addressing climate exploitation at the UN [15][16] - The Crená people's name signifies "head of the earth," reflecting their ancestral wisdom and alternative worldview to modern anthropocentrism [17][18] Call to Action - The report emphasizes the need to reconsider humanity's relationship with nature to avert environmental disaster [22] - It advocates for listening to the voices of rivers and adopting a fluid, adaptable approach to environmental stewardship [22]