DeepSeek开源的文件系统，是如何提升大模型效率的？

Core Viewpoint - DeepSeek has open-sourced a high-performance distributed file system called 3FS, aimed at addressing the challenges of AI training and inference workloads, significantly enhancing data access efficiency for large models [3][4]. Group 1: Overview of 3FS - 3FS (Fire-Flyer File System) is designed to leverage modern SSDs and RDMA networks to accelerate data access operations on the DeepSeek platform [7]. - The system can achieve an aggregate read throughput of 6.6 TiB/s across a 180-node cluster, improving efficiency in data preprocessing, dataset loading, checkpoint saving/loading, embedding vector search, and KVCache lookup for large models [3]. Group 2: Distributed File System Functionality - A distributed file system deceives applications into thinking they are interacting with a local file system, allowing for seamless operations across multiple machines [9][10]. - The advantages of distributed file systems include handling massive data (up to PB level), high throughput beyond single-machine capabilities, fault tolerance, and redundancy [11]. Group 3: Components of 3FS - 3FS consists of four main node types: parallel processing framework, machine learning training pipeline, internal large code/data repository, and industry-specific applications [12]. - The components include: - Meta: Manages metadata such as file locations and attributes [19]. - Mgmtd: Controls cluster configuration and node discovery [19]. - Storage: Manages actual file data on physical disks [30]. - Client: Communicates with other nodes to perform file operations [19]. Group 4: CRAQ Protocol - CRAQ (Chain Replication with Apportioned Queries) is a protocol used in 3FS to ensure strong consistency and fault tolerance [36]. - Write operations are processed sequentially along a chain of nodes, with each entry marked as "dirty" until it is committed and marked as "clean" [38][41]. - The performance of CRAQ varies based on workload, with write throughput and latency being limited by the slowest node in the chain [47]. Group 5: Comparison with Other Systems - 3FS shares common components with other distributed file systems but differs in its implementation and performance characteristics [54]. - The system's performance is still under evaluation, with limited benchmarking available for comparison with single-node systems and other distributed file systems [55].