AEM 制氢困局：供应链短板待补齐

Core Viewpoint - AEM hydrogen production technology, as a third-generation electrolysis technology, shows great potential but is still in the early development stage, facing challenges such as insufficient technological maturity and a weak supply chain [1][6][10]. Supply Chain Challenges - The core materials for AEM electrolysis cells, including membranes, catalysts, electrodes, diffusion layers, and bipolar plates, are currently facing supply shortages or monopolistic issues [2][4]. - The domestic production of membrane materials is limited, with few manufacturers achieving stable mass production, leading to high costs and performance issues [2][4]. - The lack of specialized BOP suppliers exacerbates the supply chain's incompleteness, forcing companies to self-design and produce, which increases costs [4][10]. Technological Maturity and Production Barriers - AEM hydrogen production is transitioning from laboratory to commercial application, with significant technical challenges in scaling from small to medium-sized systems [6]. - Current AEM demonstration projects are experimental, and the market is unlikely to scale up without thorough engineering validation and technical optimization [6][10]. - Industry experts suggest focusing on improving technology and cost issues, such as enhancing adaptability to renewable energy fluctuations and extending equipment lifespan [6]. External Policy Impacts - Domestic supply chains are influenced by external policies, such as the U.S. stance on energy, which has created challenges for the hydrogen industry through technology export controls and trade barriers [8]. - These challenges have prompted domestic companies to accelerate independent research and production, providing opportunities for the rise of local supply chains [8]. Industry Development Recommendations - A complete and professional supply chain ecosystem is essential for the commercialization of AEM hydrogen production [10]. - The industry should encourage more players to enter the market to foster healthy competition, which can lead to cost reduction and efficiency improvements [10]. - There is a call for supportive policies to promote the localization of key materials and enhance collaboration between industry, academia, and research institutions to improve technological maturity [10].