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东南亚限制中国迂回出口,争取美国关税让步
日经中文网·2025-05-23 22:40

Core Viewpoint - Southeast Asian countries are tightening regulations on certificates of origin to prevent circumvention of trade restrictions on Chinese products, indicating a cooperative stance towards the U.S. to seek tariff relief [1][2]. Group 1: Regulatory Changes - Thailand announced in late April that it would modify the rules for issuing certificates of origin for 65 categories of products, including solar panels and automotive parts, requiring on-site inspections of factories to verify local procurement rates and production costs [1]. - Cambodia's Ministry of Commerce decided to implement inspections of production bases when issuing certificates of origin for exports to the U.S. starting from the 12th [1]. - Malaysia has prohibited the export of foreign-produced rubber gloves, allowing only locally produced gloves to be exported, as rubber products are among the top five export categories to the U.S. [2]. Group 2: Economic Impact - The U.S. plans to impose high reciprocal tariffs of 49%, 46%, 36%, and 24% on Cambodia, Vietnam, Thailand, and Malaysia respectively, which could significantly impact the economies of these countries [2]. - Vietnam, as a major export partner for the U.S., has taken measures to strengthen the issuance of certificates of origin, reflecting a heightened sense of urgency due to its trade surplus with the U.S. exceeding $100 billion in 2024 [2]. Group 3: Industry Implications - The tightening of regulations is seen as a protective measure for domestic industries, particularly in sectors like electric vehicles, where many components are sourced from China [3].