熔融石英和石英有什么区别？

Core Viewpoint - Fused quartz and quartz are closely related but differ in manufacturing processes, purity levels, and specific characteristics, making them suitable for different applications [1][3]. Composition and Structure - Both fused quartz and quartz primarily consist of silicon dioxide (SiO₂), with fused quartz being amorphous and lacking a crystalline structure, while quartz has a crystalline structure [2]. - The amorphous structure of fused quartz is achieved through high-temperature melting, whereas quartz is naturally formed [2]. Manufacturing Process - Fused quartz is produced by melting high-purity silica sand at extremely high temperatures, resulting in a glass-like non-crystalline material, while quartz is a natural mineral that is mined and processed for various uses [2]. - The manufacturing process of fused quartz results in higher chemical purity compared to natural quartz [2]. Purity Levels - Fused quartz typically has a chemical purity exceeding 99.9%, while natural quartz also has a high SiO₂ content but may contain trace impurities depending on its source [2]. - The high purity of fused quartz makes it particularly suitable for applications requiring high optical clarity and chemical resistance [2]. Thermal Properties - Fused quartz has a very low thermal expansion coefficient, providing strong thermal shock resistance, making it suitable for high-temperature applications [2]. - Although quartz also has a low thermal expansion coefficient, its crystalline structure can make it more susceptible to thermal stress under certain conditions [2]. - Fused quartz has a high softening temperature of approximately 1670°C, allowing it to maintain structural integrity at elevated temperatures [2]. Optical Properties - Fused quartz exhibits excellent ultraviolet (UV) transmittance, making it an ideal material for lenses and other optical devices [2]. - While quartz also has good optical properties, the amorphous structure of fused quartz offers better transparency across a wider spectral range from UV to infrared [2]. - The high optical clarity and low scattering characteristics of fused quartz are particularly advantageous for precision optical applications [2]. Electrical and Chemical Resistance - Fused quartz provides outstanding electrical insulation properties, making it suitable for electronic and semiconductor applications [5]. - Both materials exhibit strong corrosion resistance and chemical inertness, but the higher purity of fused quartz typically results in better performance in corrosive chemical environments [5]. Applications - Fused quartz is commonly used in high-precision optical components, semiconductor manufacturing, and high-temperature lighting applications [5]. - Quartz is utilized in less demanding optical applications, as well as in the production of quartz glassware and industrial components [5]. - The superior performance of fused quartz makes it the preferred material for applications requiring extremely high purity, thermal stability, and optical clarity [5].