全球制药业洞察 | 特朗普“磨刀霍霍”向药价，药企谈判筹码何在？

Core Viewpoint - The reintroduction of the Most Favored Nation (MFN) pricing by former President Trump poses a threat to pharmaceutical companies like Pfizer and AstraZeneca, potentially leading to lower drug prices as part of the Inflation Reduction Act negotiations [3][4]. Group 1: Impact of MFN Pricing - The Biden administration has set the prices for the first ten Medicare Part D drugs to be 38%-79% lower than the list price and 13%-57% lower than the net price, indicating significant price reductions [4]. - The MFN pricing initiative may face legal challenges, complicating the implementation of price controls on domestic drug pricing [6]. - The White House's announcement of the highest fair prices in November could be a pivotal moment in the negotiations, as the Inflation Reduction Act sets price ceilings without establishing minimums [4][6]. Group 2: Regulatory Environment - The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation (CMMI) model proposed by Trump aims to link reimbursement for the top 50 highest spending Medicare drugs to foreign payment prices, although its implementation has faced procedural hurdles [6]. - The guidance released by Medicare regarding combination products may negatively impact companies like Merck, which are attempting to protect monopoly pricing through the development of subcutaneous versions of older therapies [9]. Group 3: Market Dynamics - The MFN executive order may compel pharmaceutical companies to lower the list prices of certain drugs or bypass drug benefit managers to align with the administration's objectives [9]. - Monitoring of protected category drugs, such as AstraZeneca's Calquence and Pfizer's Ibrance, is crucial as Medicare Part D coverage requirements could lead to reduced rebates [4].